Every year, millions of tons of waste is generated from both households and building construction, most of which ends up in landfills with a small percentage being recycled. Frequent questions waste minimization wastes us epa. By reducing or eliminating the generation of harmful and persistent wastes, waste minimisation supports efforts to promote a more sustainable society. In addition, waste gas from the process such as methane can be captured and used for generating electricity. Handbook of solid waste management and waste minimization. Waste minimisation an overview sciencedirect topics. The generation, characteristics and energy potential of municipal solid waste for power generation in nigeria is presented in this paper. April 5, 2016 pollution prevention and waste minimization guidelines. Pdf evolving the theory of waste managementimplications. For example, proper segregation of wastes will reduce disposal fees but only because these quantities are reassigned to more appropriate waste streams for cost effective. The last technique for waste minimization is treatment of waste.
Click download or read online button to get chemistry of waste minimization book now. Simply stated, for the purpose of the hazardous waste report, waste minimization is implementing a procedure that will reduce the toxicity or quantity of a hazardous waste being generated at a site. This will allow for the most efficient use of resources, minimize the impact on health. Includes source reduction and environmentally sound recycling. Waste minimization encompasses organizational, technological, and economical aspects. There are multiple tools and techniques that manufacturers can apply.
Waste minimization techniques are implemented by the spill team whenever a spill response is initiated. In addition to equipment and process options, the author presents. Waste minimization 3 in 1990, passage of the pollution prevention act expanded the nations waste prevention policy beyond a rcraonly framework, to minimizing or eliminating toxic releases to all environmental media and natural resources. Waste minimization is a waste management approach that focuses on reducing the amount and toxicity of hazardous waste generated. Waste minimization program and portland state university partnership october 22, 2014. Implement and develop resource efficient procedures. Best waste minimization techniques for any industry there are four main techniques which is used for reduced waste minimization under source reduction which are discussed below.
Oct 15, 2004 in this study, two preassessment techniques scoping audit and true cost of waste assessment and two techniques for a more detailed assessment mass balances and monitoring and targeting were evaluated to determine whether they identified similar waste minimization opportunities on two coil coating lines. However, some of the industries are now in a position to achieve the goal of waste minimization through effective ways, encouraging others to join in this stream. In this study, two preassessment techniques scoping audit and true cost of waste assessment and two techniques for a more detailed assessment mass balances and monitoring and targeting were evaluated to determine whether they identified similar waste minimization opportunities on two coil coating lines. Extensive research, development and analysis of the techniques used during. Mar 22, 2017 best waste minimization techniques for any industry there are four main techniques which is used for reduced waste minimization under source reduction which are discussed below. All university faculty, staff and students shall be encouraged to identify opportunities for waste minimization in their daily activities. This will allow waste minimization options to be properly planned and assessed as part of national, site and plant waste management policies. Waste minimization and management free download as powerpoint presentation. To the extent possible, do not mix wastes or waste streams.
Waste minimization refers to the use of source reduction andor environmentally. Pdf on mar, 2014, abhishek jain and others published waste. Environmentallypreferable facilities, products, and services. Waste minimisation involves redesigning products and processes andor changing societal patterns of. Several waste minimization opportunities for drilling fluid systems, such as improved system monitoring, substitute fluids and improved solids control, are discussed under the remaining opportunities. In particular, do not mix nonhazardous waste with hazardous waste. Waste minimization program and portland state university. Handbook of solid waste management and waste minimization technologies is an essential tool for plant managers, process engineers, environmental consultants, and site remediation specialists that focuses on practices for handling a broad range of industrial solid waste problems. However, it is not uncommon to devise techniques to minimize costs without a corresponding reduction in waste quantities. Waste minimization and management environmental impact. A list of euphemisms for waste is given in finding hidden profit. These techniques can be practiced at several stages in most waste generating processes, but require careful planning, creative problem solving, changes. Delphi technique, bio gas, power generation, and geographical.
Waste reduction is essential for every industry that manufactures products and incurs a cost. This will allow for the most efficient use of resources, minimize the impact on health and the environment and lower disposal costs. Waste minimization and cost reduction should be at the forefront of. All healthservice employees have a role to play in this process and should therefore be trained in waste minimization and the management of hazardous materials. Strategies for waste minimization and cost reduction. The waste minimization is based on different techniques. We define waste minimization as inplant practices that reduce, avoid, or eliminate the generation of harmful waste so as to reduce risks to human health and the environment. The plan can increase motivation to change, to present alternatives, to guide decisionmaking, and to provide information to evaluate change. Check the chemical redistribution program prior to ordering new chemicals. Waste minimization is simply one of a number of related terms and concepts that, despite having similar overall goals and often being used interchangeably, may differ significantly in basic principles and in emphasis. Waste minimization techniques and options for the wet and. Waste minimization usually benefits the waste producer.
Reducereduce source reduction of waste stopping wastesource reduction of waste stopping waste before it starts way to enhancebefore it starts way to enhance environmental cleanliness. Consideration of waste minimization, waste management and. The last technique for waste minimization is treatment of waste generated during use. The waste minimization programs purpose is to encourage and help oil and gas operators implement successful waste minimization techniques and plans. As part of the experiment, neutralization, precipitation, oxidationreduction, and distillation are examples of treatment techniques that may be applied to reduce hazardous waste quantities. Waste minimization in industry encyclopedia of life. Waste minimization is characterized as the reduction of waste from sources and the reuse of waste through recycling. Recycling is also widely used by industry and developed to residential wastage material to utility of waste product. Waste minimization entails limiting the amount of waste that is generated thereby helping to eliminate the production of persistent and harmful wastes effectively.
Waste reduction at the source is an economically sensible approach whereby uno can lower waste management and regulatory compliance costs, liabilities and risks. Best waste minimisation techniques for any industry. Various waste management techniques have been developed over the years for waste management, 1, 2. Slowly it is gaining much attention in medium and smallscale industries. Consider waste minimization techniques get ideas from many resources screen and select options for further study. There are opportunities to reap the benefits of waste minimisation in any business, whether large or small. Waste management and minimization waste minimization in industry b. Waste minimization plan florida atlantic university. Waste minimization refers to the use of source reduction andor environmentally sound recycling methods prior to energy recovery, treatment, or disposal of wastes. Annotated bibliography of waste minimization technology ix notice the railroad commissions waste minimization program provides this annotated bibliography to assist you in your waste minimization efforts. Oct 26, 2011 in signing the waste minimization certification statement, those generators who have not been exempted by statute or regulation from the duty to make a waste minimization certification under section 3002b of rcra are also certifying that they have complied with the waste minimization requirements. Microanalysis techniques can greatly reduce the amount of hazardous waste generated.
The railroad commission of texas and any person acting on its behalf. Chemistry of waste minimization download ebook pdf, epub. Energy requirement rises exponentially with increasing waste 2. Benefits and techniques of waste minimization conserve energy.
Benefits and techniques of waste minimization conserve. Phil ralston, environmental operations manager, port of portland. Hazardous waste minimization vanderbilt environmental. The relevant waste minimization approaches could also be applied by other waste producers. Reduce total cost for collection, segregation, intermediate storage, transport, treatment and final storage 3. Pdf for decades, landfills have provided a convenient and costeffective solution to waste treatment of the construction industry. Waste minimisation is a set of processes and practices intended to reduce the amount of waste produced. Spilled chemicals and the materials used to clean up the spills must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
Waste minimization refers to the use of source reduction andor environmentally sound recycling methods prior to energy recovery, treatment, or. Free products offered by the waste minimization program waste minimization in the oil field this manual pdf, developed with the assistance of the oil and gas industry, offers source reduction. Factories, manufacturers, mills, and mining operations are among the industries that produce more waste. Waste minimization, recycling, and reuse world health organization. The intention of biological processing in waste management is to control and accelerate the natural process of decomposition of organic matter. Landfill waste reduction techniques 4 major categories. Waste minimization and pollution prevention slac environment, safety, and health manual.
Waste minimization is a term found in the resource conservation and recovery act rcra that refers to source reduction and environmentally sound recycling of rcra hazardous waste. Waste minimization techniques focus on preventing waste from ever being created, otherwise known as source reduction, and recycling. Obtain data on the construction and demolition waste stream. Evaluation of the total installed cost of a project, the annual operating costs, and closure. Implement waste minimisation practices on a number of construction sites.
The congress hereby declares it to be the national policy of. Each project should therefore be carefully assessed in consideration of the individual conditions and. Waste minimization is necessary to reduce present and future risks to human health and the environment. Radiological and environmental management department will support the universitys waste minimization efforts by providing training in procedures, techniques, and best management practices. So when you prevent pollution, you also reduce costs. Pollution prevention is a term found in the pollution prevention act of 1990 that refers to source reduction of all toxic wastes, including those released to air, water and land resources.
In addition to hazardous wastes regulated under the resource conservation and recovery rcra, epa encourages the minimization of all wastes. Considerations for waste minimization at the design. Provide training for site foremen in waste minimisation techniques. Waste minimization techniques source reduction recovery, reuse, recycling onsite or offsite product change process change good practices product substitution material. Some basic efforts to be more efficient and careful with experimental procedures can substantially reduce the amount of waste generated. If the waste cannot be redistributed, segregation minimizes. These kits generate increased volumes of mercury contaminated solid waste. Waste minimization techniques employed by the spill team include. Pollution prevention and waste minimization guidelines. Use of a mercury vacuum rather than mercury spill kit.
Writing and implementing the waste minimization plan is similar to writing any other business plan. Chemical hazardous waste minimization tips waste minimization represents those activities that prevent or minimize the amount of waste generated. Thus, there is a great need for waste minimization as this will not only have a huge environmental impact but also present substantial economic and social benefits. Oct 02, 2015 in addition, waste gas from the process such as methane can be captured and used for generating electricity. Evolving the theory of waste managementimplications to waste minimization.
Crittenden encyclopedia of life support systems eolss summary waste minimization is an important element of sustainable development because it allows improvements to business performance to be created concomitantly with improvements to environmental performance. Train unskilled workers in waste sorting techniques and use small. Limited or no application of decontamination techniques to allow recycling, reuse, sale as byproducts or disposal as inactive waste. The objective of this paper is to highlight the cost and benefits of the potential contribution of lean construction to the achievement of productivity enhancement and waste minimization in construction industry. Good housekeeping practices to minimize the likelihood of a spill can reduce the amount of hazardous waste generated. The fau waste minimization plan presents guidelines that can be used by university personnel and organizations to reduce the amount and toxicity of wastes generated at florida atlantic university.
In signing the waste minimization certification statement, those generators who have not been exempted by statute or regulation from the duty to make a waste minimization certification under section 3002b of rcra are also certifying that they have complied with the waste minimization requirements. Annotated bibliography of waste minimization technology. Most widely used thermal treatment method is incineration. Limited information was found on the pesticide endusersapplication services industry, and some of the techniques identified e. Crum, director, community environmental services, portland state university. These waste minimization techniques should be integrated into the drilling fluid system portion of the drilling plan. Waste minimization in the laboratory doesnt necessarily require major changes in the way experiments are performed. Of various msw management techniques, landfilling is found as the cheapest to manage. It is preferable when possible to conduct recycling at onsite locations. Source reduction, also known as wastesource reduction, also known as waste prevention or pollution prevention, is theprevention or pollution prevention, is the elimination of waste before it is created. It is process of removing a substance from a waste and returning it to productive use. Pdf an overview of existing waste minimization methods in hong. Waste minimization does not include waste treatment, that is, any process designed to change the physical, chemical, or biological composition of. Changing practices and processes to prevent pollution at its source is referred to as source reduction.
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